Drill cutting samples (n = 92) from the Devonian Awaynat Wanin Formation and Silurian Tanezzuft Formation, sampled from three wells F1, G1 and H1, locate in the northern edge of the Murzuq basin (approximately 700 kilometers south of Tripoli). The studied samples were analyzed in the objective of their organic geochemical assessment such as the type of organic matter, depositional conditions and thermal maturity level. A bulk geochemical parameters and precise biomarkers were estimated, using chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to reveal a diversity of their geochemical characterizations. The rock formations are having varied organic matter contents, ranged from fair to excellent. The total organic carbon (TOC) reached about 9.1 wt%, ranging from 0.6 to 2.93 wt% (Awaynat Wanin), 0.5 to 2.54 wt% (Tanezzuft) and 0.52 to 9.1 wt% (Hot Shale). The cutting samples are ranged oil-prone organic matter (OM) of hydrogen index (HI) ranged between 98 –396 mg HC/g TOC, related kerogen types are type II and II/III, with oxygen index (OI): 6 - 190 with one sample have value of 366 mg CO2/g. Thermal maturity of these source rocks is different, ranging from immature to mature and oil window in the most of Tanezzuft Formation and Hot Shale samples, as reflected from the production index data (PI: 0.08 - 034). Tmax and vitrinite reflectance Ro% data (Tmax: 435 – 454 & Ro%: 0.46 - 1.38) for the Awaynat Wanin. Biomarker ratios of specific hydrocarbons extracted from represented samples (n = 9), were moreover used to study thermal maturity level and depositional environments. Pristine/Phytane (Pr/Ph) ratios of 1.65 - 2.23 indicated anoxic to suboxic conditions of depositional marine shale and lacustrine source rock.

The expansion of agriculture to provide the necessary food is related to the availability of water, but the limited availability of irrigation requires research on techniques to reduce water losses. This paper presents an application of a prototype design of microcontroller based on an intelligent irrigation system which will allow irrigation to take place in the areas. This method can be applied to the system of drip irrigation and its impact on the quantities of water used in irrigation as its application is part of the solution to the problem of water shortage suffered by Libya in addition to reducing the amount of water wasted while irrigating crops. In this study, a network of smart irrigation system was designed for a 5-hectare farm in AL-Sawawa area, located to the east, at about 20 km from Sirte city. The farm was divided into two parts, a vegetable crops section with an area of 3ha and the other section of 2 ha for olive trees. The intelligent irrigation system senses the moisture content of the soil and the temperature of the air through the sensors and turns on or off the water pumps using the relays to carry out this procedure. The main advantage of using this irrigation system is to minimize human intervention and ensure proper irrigation. The microcontroller serves as the main unit of the entire irrigation system, Photovoltaic cells are used to provide solar energy as an energy supply for the whole system. The system is controlled by the microcontroller; it obtains data from the sensors, it compares the data as pre-programmed, and the output signals activate the relays to operate the pumps to start the irrigation process.

This search aims to apply developed geochemical methods to a number of oils and source rock extracts to better establish the features of ancient environments that occurred in the Murzuq basin. Geochemical and geophysical approaches were used to confirm further a source contribution from other Paleozoic formations to hydrocarbon accumulations in the basin. One hundred and forty rock units were collected from B1-NC151, D1-NC174, A1-NC 76, D1-NC 151, F1-NC58, A1-NC 186, P1-NC 101, D1-NC 58, H1-NC58 and A1-NC58 wells. Seven crude oils were collocated A1-NC186, B1-NC186, E2-NC101, F3-NC174, A10-NC115, B10-NC115 and H10-NC115 wells. A geochemical assessment of the studied rocks and oils was done by means of geochemical parameters of total organic carbon (TOC), Rock-Eval analysis, detailed-various biomarkers and stable carbon isotope. The TOC values from B1-NC151 range 0.40% to 8.5%, A1-NC186 0.3% and 1.45, A1-NC76 0.39% to 0.74%, D1-NC151 0.40% to 2.00% to F1-NC58 0.40% to 1.12%. D1_NC174 0.30% to 10 %, P1-NC101 0.80% to 1.35%, D1-NC58 0.5% to 1.10%, H1-NC58 0.20% to 3.50%, A1-NC58 0.40% to 1.60%. The categories of organic matter from rock-eval pyrolysis statistics point to that type II kerogen is the main type, in association with type III, and no of type I kerogen recognized. Vitrinite reflectance (%Ro), Tmax and Spore colour index (SCI) as thermal maturity parameters reflect that the measured rock units are have different maturation levels, ranging from immature to mature sources. acritarchs distribution for most samples could be recognized and Palynomorphs are uncommon. Pristane to phytane ratios (> 1) revealed marine shale to lacustrine of environmental deposition. The Stable carbon isotope (δ 13C) values of seven rock-extract samples are -30.98‰ and -29.14‰ of saturates and -29.86‰ to -28.37‰ aromatic fractions. The oil saturate hydrocarbon fractions range between -29.36‰ to -28.67‰ and aromatic are among -29.98 ‰ to -29.55 ‰. The δ 13C data in both rock extractions and crude oils are closer to each other, typical in sign of Paleozoic age. It is clear that the base of Tanezzuft Formation (Hot shale) is considered the main source rocks. The Devonian Awaynat Wanin Formation as well locally holds sufficient oil prone kerogen to consider as potential source rocks. Ordovician Mamuniyat Formation shales may poorly contain oil prone kerogen to be addressed in future studies. An assessment of the correlations between the oils and potential source rocks and between the oils themselves indicated that most of the rocks extracts were broadly similar to most of the oils and supported by carbon stable isotope analysis results. 

We have described the development of electrochemical nano sensor for the detection of total arsenic in groundwater, soil, food and honey samples based on the formation of gold nanoparticles. Screen printed carbon electrodes were modified with gold nanoparticles and linked with 1,6-hexanedithiol self-assembled monolayers. The electrodeposition of Au nanoparticles was applied in 10 mL of the solution that totally cover the screen-printed carbon electrode while applying a constant potential of –0.4 V (vs. Ag within SPCE) for 600 sec. Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the gold nanoparticles before and after modified with 1,6-hexanedithiol self-assembled monolayers on screen printed carbon electrode. Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry with multi point standard addition method was examined for the detection of As(III) and As(V) on Au NPs-1,6-hexanedithiol modified screen printed carbon electrode under optimized conditions. As(III) and As(V) was firstly, deposited for 60 seconds by the reduction of arsenic in buffer solution: (citric acid, sodium chloride and ascorbic acid pH 2.0), followed by As stripping between –0.20 and 0.35 V at the following parameters: scan rate: 100 mV s–1, frequency: 60 Hz, amplitude: 0.025 V and increment: 5.0 mV. it was found that Au-NPs with 1,6-hexanedithiol modified screen-printed carbon electrode had a highest anodic stripping peak current at 0.201 V. The limit of detection value for arsenic was identified to be 1.7 ng ml –1. Also, the electrochemical nanosensor showed excellent reproducibility and high stability. The developed method was successfully applied to detect total arsenic in ground water, soil and honey samples.

In this study, generalized Lorentz model is basic one-particle model in the framework of dielectric, conductive and/or magnetic responses of materials. AC conductivity studies of various BaTiO3 or similar ceramics produced equivalent circuits with impedance spectra, usually within the framework of RCPE elements serial connection (CPE - constant phase element) or Cole element. This element, in the generalized Lorentz model, corresponds to Caputo fractional derivative, who, as operator, contains a singular integral kernel in itself. However, in the literature, fractional derivatives with a non singular integral kernels have recently emerged. One of them is a Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative. In this work, physical basics and all three behaviors (dielectric, conductive and magnetic) of materials and their relationships are considered in the case of electric or magnetic alternate fields, which are the tools for experimental measurements