Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) is a significant condition that affects cardiovascular health worldwide and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, early detection and management of DCAN are crucial for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease among individuals with T2DM. Identifying this disorder can enhance patient outcomes and quality of life by minimizing the chances of serious complications. This cross-sectional study aims to identify diabetic individuals with DCAN and to investigate its relationship with various risk factors, including hyperglycemia, the duration of diabetes, the presence of peripheral somatic neuropathy, and diabetic microvascular complications. The study included 261 patients with T2DM, comprising 61.5% females and 38.5% males. Participants underwent cardiovascular testing and clinical evaluations to identify cases of cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Out of the 261 randomly selected patients, 82 were diagnosed with DCAN, resulting in a prevalence rate of 31.4%. The average age for female patients was 57.5 ± 0.7 years, while for male patients, it was 56.3 ± 1.2 years from the total recruited patients. In addition, there is a strong association between DCAN and clinical and biochemical parameters such as lipid profile, duration of diabetes, poor diabetic control, and presence of microalbuminuria in patients with DCAN and above 60 years old, compared to younger patients. The study highlighted a strong association between DCAN and factors such as poor glycemic control, prolonged diabetes duration, and the presence of chronic microvascular complications, including neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. These findings emphasize the importance of raising awareness and proactively assessing Libyan patients who are at risk for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. This is crucial to reduce the likelihood of recurrent acute cardiac complications, especially in patients undergoing emergency surgery without a prior diagnosis. It is vital to recognize this risk.

Keywords. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Pulse Rate, Metabolic Syndrome, Blood Pressure.

Abstract: The exact solution of a nonlinear fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation is found in this paper through the successful application of the Abaoub Shkheam decomposition method. These techniques have a wider range of applications due to their dependability and decreased computational effort. 

ABSTRACT: This paper applies the Abaoub – Shkheam Decomposition Method (QDM) to obtaining solutions of linear fractional diffusion equations. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. Some illustrative examples are given, revealing the effectiveness and convenience of the method. 

Abstract: In this paper, a nonlinear fractional diffusion and wave equations are solved using the Abaoub-Shkheam Decomposition Method (QDM). The Caputo sense is used to characterise the fractional derivative. An example is provided to demonstrate the method's efficiency and practicality.

Abstract: The Abaoub-Shkheam Decomposition Method (QDM) is employed in this paper to solve nonlinear initial value problems of second order. Adomian polynomial is used to decompose nonlinear functions that exist in a given equation. We are using this method (QDM) to find the exact solution of different types of non-linear ordinary differential equations, which is based on the Abaoub Shkheam transform method (QTM) and the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM). An example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of this approach. 

Professor Salem Aboglila                                                           

Geochemistry & Environmental Chemistry science Faculty – Azzaytuna University-Libya

Mobile : 00218913700361

            :00218923394183

Email: salem.aboglila@gmail.com 

Address: Salem Abdul Ghni Aboglila / TIP 52945, Aramex House Old Bath Road Colnbrook, Slough,Berkshire SL3 0NS 

Nov 2010 PhD degree Thesis title: Organic and Isotopic Geochemistry of Source-rocks and Crude Oils from the East Sirte Basin (Libya). Curtin University of technology (palaeoenvironment study)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. the study aims to evaluate the association between plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and Libyan individuals' clinical and biochemical risk factors for CAD. This cross-sectional study assessed plasma concentration of Lp-PLA2 between patients with CAD and those without CAD in both genders based on clinical history, exercise ECG, two-dimensional echocardiography, and coronary angiography. Several biochemical parameters were estimated. Plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 were measured. 181 individuals were recruited for this study, including 125 with CAD and 56 without CAD. Plasma Lp-PLA2 concentration was significantly higher in patients with CAD versus individuals without coronary artery disease. In addition, the plasma concentration of Lp-PLA2 was higher in patients >60 years of age compared with patients <60 years old. To conclude Plasma level of Lp-PLA2 concentration was independently correlated with CAD, an inflammatory marker such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein among Libyan patients.

Abstract: The Study aims to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the Ain Zara area, situated south of Tripoli, and assesses its suitability for drinking using the Canadian Water Quality Index (CCMEWQI) and the Weighted Arithmetic Index (WAWQI). A total of 40 well water samples were collected in March and April 2023, with GPS data collected for the wells and mapped accordingly. Key parameters measured included dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrite (NO2-), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), pH, and concentrations of positive ions (Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺) as well as negative ions (NO3-, SO4²-, Cl-, HCO3-). Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) were calculated, with results compared against the Libyan Standard Specifications for Drinking Water No. 82 (2013). Analysis indicated an increase in TDS concentration in select samples, exceeding the maximum concentration (7100 mg/L) in well 10, alongside elevated sodium ion concentrations in wells (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37) and calcium ions in wells (7, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 32) and 35 in the northern and northwestern sections of the study area. Furthermore, increased concentrations of chloride and bicarbonate ions were observed in the wells to the north and northwest. Other parameters remained within the permissible limits according to the 2013 Libyan standard specifications. Wells (1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 38, 39, and 40), located in the southern and southeastern parts of the study area, were classified as excellent quality for drinking, according to both the CCMEWQI and WAWQI. In contrast, the remaining wells in the northern and northwestern areas were classified from good to acceptable to poor, rendering them unsuitable for drinking. The study demonstrated that both indices displayed similar spatial distributions.

Abstract: Eighty-five rock samples corresponding to the Palaeozoic formations were taken from two wells in the NC 200 Block of the Murzuq Basin. The study aimed to find out geochemical characteristics of Silurian Bir Tlacsin/Tanezzuft Formations, the Devonian Awaynat Wanin/BDS II Formations, and the Carboniferous Marar/Lower Marar Formations. Rock-Eval analysis, Total organic carbon (TOC) parameters and specific Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) biomarkers were applied to determine the potential hydrocarbon generation. Per se, Rocks are good sources and hold fair content of organic matter, crossing in the range of good accumulation, in which the very good source rocks have an organic carbon richness (TOC) reached of 3.7 wt%. The studied rocks are ranged from immature to late mature organic matter (OM) with total organic carbon richness (TOC) range between 0.4 – 3.7 wt%. Rock-Eval parameters S1, S2, S3, Tmax, S2/S3, OI, PI and HI of the source rock samples have values ranged from 0.02 – 0.3, 0.22 – 6, 0.36 – 4, 423 – 443, 24= 350, 0 – 0.27 and 42 – 384 respectively. The range of hydrogen index (HI) related to oxygen index (OI) displays that all kerogen types from Type II to Type III are exist and increase with depth. The Tmax parameter is wide-ranging among studied formations, indicating different levels of organic matter maturity, from immature oil window and to late mature for the Devonian-Carboniferous and Silurian source rocks, associated with more depth. Molecular composition analysis of n-alkanes and other biomarkers supported the findings of Rock-Eval pyrolysis data, revealing varied hydrocarbon signatures across the formations. The Carbon isotope analysis (δ13C) suggested multiple sources contributing to the generated oil, including Type I to Type III kerogens.

Abstract: The Ordovician to Devonian succession in the in Murzuq Basin represents the most important part of the lower Paleozoic terrigenous Al Gargaf siliciclastic group, which consists of several formations such as the Ordovician Hawaz, Melaz Shuqran and Mamuniyat Formations and the Devonian Tadrart and Awainat Wanin Formations. Different integrated methods were used and implemented in order to understand lithology and sedimentary structures of the Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian formations. Firstly, intensive geological field trips were carried out and special attention was focused on Ordovician and Devonian reservoir sandstones and the Silurian source rocks. Secondly facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy methods were applied to figure out a simple sequence stratigraphic division of the Ordovician to Devonian succession based on outcrop sections, well logs and interpreted seismic sections. As a result of the petrographic field investigation and facies analysis based on seismic interpretation of the several seismic lines in the study area. Sequence boundaries of the Ordovician and Devonian succession on all seismic sections were identified by using specific reflection terminations such as onlap and erosional truncations features. 13 seismic facies were recognized, divided and classified for each of the examined stratigraphic formations (4 facies in Hawaz, 5 facies in Melaz Shuqran and Mamuniyat formations and 4 facies in the Tadrart and Awainat Wanin). A seismic facies classification chart was made on the basis of the classified seismic facies scheme, since depositional systems and types of seismic facies differ in each stratigraphic succession. Depositional sequences of sedimentary environments were identified from well logs and available 2D seismic sections and sequence stratigraphic frameworks were constructed for the Ordovician and Devonian formations. Based on the facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy interpretations, two different order sequences in the Ordovician to Devonian succession have been found and identified: The major sequences are possibly 2nd-order sequences in time duration. They are clearly traceable on all seismic sections. May be minor sequences are possibly 3rd-order sequences, and they are not traceable on all seismic sections clearly, but are recognized on well logs or outcrop sections. Eventually, all obtained information and that results were plotted on the different maps for each examined section to construct a depositional model and to estimate the maximum distributions of each formation separately on the basis of depositional system interpretations.

Keywords: Murzuq Basin, Al Gargaf siliciclastic group, Ordovician to Devonian succession, depositional system and seismic facies