Online Shopping and the Transaction Protection in ECommerce: A case Of Online Purchasing in Libya
Journal ArticleHadya Soliman Hadya Hawedi, (06-2012), International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications: IJSEP, 2 (6), 1-4
CHALLENGES OF SECURITY, PROTECTION AND TRUST ON E-COMMERCE: A CASE OF ONLINE PURCHASING IN LIBYA
Journal ArticleHadya Soliman Hadya Hawedi, (05-2012), International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering: IJARCCE, 1 (3), 141-145
Regulatory aspects of innate immune responses
PhD ThesisActivation of innate immunity is regulated by a variety of signaling molecules within
the immune cells. The present thesis was aimed to improve our understanding
innate signaling mechanism and their possible use as bio-indicators of exposure and
disease. The first part of the thesis deals with the involvement of TOM1L1 (Target
of Myb1 like 1) in innate immune signaling and regulation of inflammatory cytokines
in immune cells (study I and II). The initial event of T-cells activation depend
on the recruitment of Src family kinases Fyn and Lck, leading to interleukine-2 (IL-
2) production in T cells. Understanding the regulatory aspects of IL-2 induction in
T-cells is of importance as IL-2 is a key regulator for T-cell proliferation and survival.
Interaction screening indicated the ability of TOM1L1 protein to interact with
Fyn, and Lck, that is important for IL-2 production in Jurkat T-cells. TOM1L1
silencing decreased the levels of CD3/CD28 dependent induction of IL-2 in Jurkat
T-cells, and LPS dependent induction of TNF-α in THP-1. Furthermore, overexpression
of TOM1L1 in Jurkat T-cells causes an increase of STAT3 expression. This
was accompanied by an increase in the levels of IL-1β dependent induction of IL-6
and TNF-α in THP-1 cells. These results indicate that TOM1L11 participate in
regulation of innate immune response. The second part of the thesis deals with
development of innate immune signaling responses used as a diagnosis tools for
disease and exposure (study III and IV). Inflammatory diseases are associated with
innate immune reactions. In response to inflammation, the immune cells release
inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1-β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and CXCL8. These
cytokines are regulated by stress related kinases include MAP kinase proteins such
as ERK1-2, JNK, and MAPK p38, through activation of transcription factors AP-1,
ATF-2, and NF-AT. In a clinical study, it was observed that activated MAPK p38
has a potential role in the regulation of IL-10 expression in intermittent claudication.
However, expression of IL-10 and MAPK p38 was opposed in stable angina
group. Therefore, targeting MAPK p38 in inflammatory disease such as cardiovascular
diseases, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis might be useful in development of
treatment strategies. Innate immune reactions can also be used to monitor stress
related inflammatory responses following environmental exposure of immune cells.
Inflammatory responses of exposure were studied by in vitro exposure to waters
from sewage treatment works and recipient waters. The analysis shows that exposure
to inland waters can result in activated immune responses and that these responses
are both site dependent and vary over time.
Keywords: Innate immunity, TOM1L1, inflammatory responses.
Ahmed Marwan Bashir Dabaag El Marghani, (09-2011), دولة السويد: Orebro University,
The significance of 24-norcholestanes, 4-methylsteranes and dinosteranes in oils and source-rocks from East Sirte Basin (Libya)
Journal ArticleThe present paper involves a detailed evaluation of specific steroid biomarkers by gas chromatography– mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC-metastable reaction monitoring (MRM) analyses of several crude oils and source rocks from the East Sirte Basin. 24-Norcholestanes, dinosteranes, 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes and triaromatic steroids have been identified in both source-rocks and crude oils of the East Sirte Basin. Diatoms, dinoflagellates (including those potentially associated with corals) and/or their direct ancestors are amongst the proposed sources of these biomarkers. These biomarker parameters have been used to establish a Mesozoic oil–source correlation of the East Sirte Basin. Hydropyrolysis of an extant coral extract revealed a similar distribution (although immature) of dinosteranes and 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes also observed in the Sirte oils and source-rocks. This is consistent with the presence of dinoflagellates present during the deposition of the Mesozoic aged East Sirte Basin Formations. A good data correlation for the rock extracts revealed a similar distribution of 3,24-dimethyl triaromatic steroids, 3-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes, 4-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes and 2-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes observed in one of the oil families and associated source-rocks for the East Sirte Basin.
S. Aboglila, K. Grice, (05-2011), Elsevier: Applied Geochemistry, 16 (1), 1694-1705
Current Challenges and Future Perspective: The Influence of Organizational Intelligence on Libyan Oil and Gas Industry
Journal ArticleHadya Soliman Hadya Hawedi, (01-2011), IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security: IJCSNS, 1 (11), 145-147
Use of biomarker distributions and compound specific isotopes of carbon and hydrogen to delineate hydrocarbon characteristics in the East Sirte Basin (Libya)
Journal ArticleBiomarker ratios, together with stable carbon (d13C) and hydrogen (dD) isotopic compositions of individual hydrocarbons have been determined in a suite of crude oils (n = 24) from the East Sirte Basin to delineate their sources and respective thermal maturity. The crude oil samples are divided into two main families (A and B) based on differences in source inputs and thermal maturity. Using source specific parameters including pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph), hopane/sterane, dibenzothiophene/ phenanthrene (DBT/P), Pr/n-C17 and Ph/n-Cl8 ratios and the distributions of tricyclic and tetracyclic terpanes, family B oils are ascribed a marine source rock deposited under sub-oxic conditions, while family A oils have a more terrigenous source affinity. This genetic classification is supported by the stable carbon isotopic compositions (d13C) of the n-alkanes. Using biomarker maturity parameters such as the abundance of Pr and Ph relative to n-alkanes and the distribution of sterane and hopane isomers, family A oils are shown to be more thermally mature than family B oils. The contrasting maturity of the two families is supported by differences between the stable hydrogen isotopic compositions (dD) of Pr and Ph and the n-alkanes, as well as the d13C values of n-alkanes in their respective oils.
Salem Abdulghani Omar Aboglila, K. Grice, (08-2010), Elsevier: Organic Geochemistry, 14 (1), 1249-1258
Performance Evaluation of Fast Handover in Mobile IPv6 Based on Link-Layer Information
Journal ArticleHandover latency is the primary cause of packet loss resulting in performance degradation of standard Mobile IPv6. Mobile IPv6 with fast Handover enables a Mobile Node (MN) to quickly detect at the IP layer that it has moved to a new subnet by receiving link-related information from the link-layer; furthermore it gathers anticipative information about the new Access Point (AP) and the associated subnet prefix when the MN is still connected to the previous Corresponding Node (CN).
This paper proposes an enhancement to Fast Mobile IPv6 handover (FMIPv6), based on link layer information, we also present performance evaluations in terms of the packet loss and handover latency using evaluation models.
Mohammed Alnaas, (06-2010), Elsevier: Elsevier, 6 (83), 1644-1650
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Bis-[Co (L)(NCS)(MeOH)] Where (LH= 4-(Salicylaldimine) antipyrine)
Journal ArticleThe title complex was isolated as red solid material from the reaction of Co(SCN)2 with 4(Salicylaldimine) antipyrine in ethanol. The molecular structure has been determined by elemental analysis, FT IR, UV-Vis and X-ray diffraction. The crystallographic data are: monoclinic
P21/n, a = 9.8335(3) A, b = 18.8593(6) A, c = 11.2921(4) A, = 90', = = 90', V = 2041.46(12) Å3 and Z 2, R =0.045. The dicobalt (Il) complex is centrosymmetric dimer in which the Co(ll) ions are six coordinate being bonded to three coordinating donor sites from the corresponding tridentate Schiff base ligand and the fourth one is relatively bonded by phenolic oxygen, the fifth and sixth donor sites comes from isothiocyanate and methanol.
A. Eldewik, El-Mehdawja R. M, KreddanC K. M, El-Hamrunr S. H, Hend ben HussienC, Hitchcokd P. B, Shabasha A. A, (03-2010), Jordan Journal of Chemistry Mol: JJC, 5 (12), 157-164
Genetic basis for alkaline activation of germination in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Israelensis
Journal ArticleDifferences in activation between spores from strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with and without the toxin-encoding plasmid pBtoxis are demonstrated. Following alkaline activation, the strain bearing pBtoxis shows a significantly greater germination rate. Expression of just three genes constituting a previously identified, putative ger operon from this plasmid is sufficient to produce the same phenotype and characterizes this operon as a genetic determinant of alkaline activation.
Mostafa Mohamed Omar Abdoarrahem, K Gammon, B N Dancer, Colin Bery, (10-2009), Applied and Environmental Microbiology: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75 (-19), 6410-6413
FUNCTIONALIZED NANOSTRUCTURED CARBONS FOR FUEL CELL ELECTRODES
Journal Articlecarbon materials2 through their unique combination of excellent processability and high carbon yield. The enediyne functionality of the monomers undergo a thermal Bergman cycloaromatization reaction that yields reactive naphthalene diradicals which polymerize to form polynapthalene.(Figure 1) The tetrafunctionality of the monomers allows for both a higher processing window due to extensive branching and ultimately the formation of network polymers. The high carbon yield results in less shrinkage of the polymer upon pyrolysis to the glassy carbon state. This allows for the faithful templating of carbon structures from a polymeric precursor.
Hydrogen fuel cell electrodes require several properties for optimum performance. An ideal electrode would have as high a surface area as possible with an uniform dispersion of nano-scale catalyst particles attached to the surface. The electrode must be electrically conductive and have good mass transport for products and reactants. Carbon supported platinum is the best known catalyst for the oxidation of hydrogen at the anode and the reduction of oxygen at the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) 3. The material also must have good compatibility with the material used for the proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), usually a sulfonated fluoropolymer such as Nafion. We have undertaken a study to prepare a high surface area carbon material through a BODA templating method which can then be functionalized with both well dispersed platinum nanoparticles …
Ibrahim Shaban, Stephen E Creager, Darryl D Desmarteau, Dennis W Smith Jr, (08-2004), USA: Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem, 49 (2), 666-667