Abstract— The verification of handwritten signatures is a significant area of research in computer vision and machine learning (ML). Handwritten signatures serve as unique biometric identifiers, making it essential to distinguish between genuine and forged signatures. This binary classification task is crucial in legal and financial contexts to prevent fraud and protect customers from potential losses. However, verifying offline handwritten signatures is challenging due to variations in handwriting influenced by factors such as mood, fatigue, writing surface, and writing instrument. This research paper focuses on recognizing offline handwritten Arabic signatures using deep learning (DL), specifically transfer learning (TL) technique which is called “Inception-V3 TL model”. Three distinct datasets are used to build a model for recognizing signatures. The first dataset is referred to as Dataset1. It is an English signature dataset called I. INTRODUCTION A signature is defined as a unique, individual, and personal sign. It is regarded as one of the biometric measurements that can be used for identification and verification. Handwritten signatures have been used in different practical areas of life for many centuries, for example, in contracts, financial operations, documents, identification documents such as passports, driver’s licenses, etc. Additionally, signatures are used in bank cheques and money transfers. However, with the great benefits of using a handwritten signature, came certain challenges for societies such as identity and fraud [1]. "CEDAR" which contains 1,320 genuine and 1,320 forged signatures. Dataset1 is publicly available at: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/shreelakshmigp/cedard ataset .The second dataset is referred to as Dataset2. It is a new Arabic signature dataset created for this research which contains 1,320 genuine and 1,320 forged signatures. The third dataset is referred to as Dataset3. It is created by merging the English and Arabic signature datasets (Dataset1 and Dataset2). The Inception-V3 TL model is trained on these distinct datasets (Dataset1, Dataset2, and Dataset3). Both normal training and k-fold cross-validation (CV) methods are applied to evaluate the model’s performance, ensuring robustness and reliability. The Inception-V3 model achieved impressive accuracies of 97.48% on the Dataset1, 98.23% on Dataset2, and 97.85% on Dataset3, demonstrating its effectiveness in distinguishing between genuine and forged signatures. 

The study area situated in the center of the Hameimat trough which is located in the southeast

of the Sirte basin. The Hameimat trough contains two of the largest oil fields in Libya,

Gialo and Abu-Attifel fields. The Upper Cretaceous Rachmat, Tagrifet, and Sirte

Formations are considered as the main source rock in Sirte Basin.

Organic geochemical study of the Upper Cretaceous Rachmat, Tagrifet and Sirte

Formations show these Formations have total organic carbon content values of 0.53% to

3.35% fair to excellent as source rock. The Kerogen types are type II and III mixed

continental and marine organic matter. The thermal maturity of these formations indicates a

mature stage in oil window.

Oil saturation index (OSI: S1*100/TOC) shows that Sirte and Rachamt formations have

low oil saturation, while the Tagrifet formation has good potential, where OSI exceeds 140

mg HC/g TOC in the most samples of the formation. The Tagrifet formation considers a

good unconventional reservoir for shale oil, where the Sirte and Rachmat formations

• consider possible for shale oil with high risk.

Certificates of re recognition from world environment

Salem Aboglila_Certificate from Journal

Trichomonas vaginalis is identified as greatest public sexually transmitted disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death in DM2. The purpose of this study is to determine the usefulness and effectiveness of exercise electrocardiography (Ex-ECG) and standard two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) among type 2 diabetic (DM2) and nondiabetic (NDM) of both genders in the diagnosis of CHD accompanied with biochemical risk factors for CHD A total of 102 age-matched DM2 and non-diabetic individuals in both genders were recruited in the current study. All cases were assessed for CHD diagnosis using the Bengali version of the Rose Angina Questionnaire guidelines. Cardiologists examined All groups clinically, and Ex-ECG and 2DE were applied, accompanied by biochemical parameters analysis of all participants in Ematiga's laboratory. All diabetic and non-diabetic subjects are age-matched. The diabetic women were obese with a BMI of (>30 kg/m2 ). The duration of diabetes in females was (10.2±1.02 yrs) and in males was (9.7±0.8 yrs). There was a positive relationship between the duration of diabetes and HbA1c level. Some evidence presented in this study revealed that the percentage of LVEF is negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. In addition, there is statistical significance in ST depression between both genders in (ND) and (D) groups. The relationship between ST-depression expressed as mV detected by Ex-ECG and duration of diabetes in females and males. In conclusion, both Ex-ECG, and 2DE testing are non-invasive, easy to perform, and accessible in rural hospitals and clinics. It can be beneficial in diagnosing, risk stratifying or assessing patients with CHD provided appropriate patient selection is used to enhance its sensitivity and specificity, especially in the presence of biochemical risk factors for coronary heart disease explained in this study helped identify or exclude the early diagnosis of CHD.

This study examined effect of potassium drip fertigation on the growth and

fruit yield of tomato under field conditions at western Libyan conditions, in two

consecutive seasons. The soil texture sites was sandy, pH around 8.0. the soil potassium

was extracted and estimated by flam photometer at 766 μm. The rate of potassium fertilizer

were F1: 0; F2: 150; F3: 300 kg K2O ha-1 as potassium chloride form in three replicates.

The experimental site was designed in randomized complete block (RCBD). and I1: 75%

ET𝑐; I2: 100% ET𝑐; I3: 125% ET𝑐 levels for irrigation. The interactions for both potassium

fertilization levels and irrigation treatments with fruit yield were found. The single

treatments of potassium fertilization or irrigation significantly affected the tomato fruit

yield, where fertilization and irrigation applications increased the fruit weight from 13.99 t

ha-1 to 34.47 t ha-1 t/ha minimum in F1I1 and maximum in F3I3. Application of different Kfertilizers

and irrigations had significant effect in PFP (partial factor productivity), and

AUE (agronomic use efficiency) as compared to K-control plots of tomato. The average of

PFP for K and irrigation in two treatments were 65.65 kg kg-1 in F2I3, and 59.43 kg kg-1 in

F3I3 which are greater than the values of control, F1I1, F1I2, and F1I3 treatments

ABSTRACT Coronary artery disease (CAD) is quite common among diabetics in all age groups and its risk is independently affiliated with Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2). There is strong evidence that the elevated plasma level of Lp-PLA2 indicates vascular inflammation associated with plaque formation within the arteries. Therefore, the relationship between the plasma Lp-PLA2 level and coronary

artery disease risk factors between non-diabetic and diabetic patients will be studied. Materials and Methods: A total of 181 individuals were recruited from the National Heart Centre Tajoura and divided into 4 groups (40 healthy controls (HC), 43 non-diabetics (NDM) who had CAD, 54 DM2 without CAD, and 44 DM2 who had CAD). The relationship between Lp-PLA2 and the potential biochemical risk markers for CAD will be studied between the groups. Results: All the groups that participated in this study have similar body mass index. There is statistical significance in the level of plasma level Lp-PLA2 between DM2 with CAD, DM2 without CAD and HC with ( ***P<0.0001, **P<0.006), respectively; and likewise between NDM with CAD and HC with *P<0.05. Although there is a significant difference between the plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 between the groups below the age of 60 years, there is no statistical significance between the groups above the age of 60 years. Correspondingly, there is a statistical difference in the plasma level of Lp-PLA2 between healthy controls and both DM2 without CAD and DM2 with CAD with (**P<0.006, and ***P<0.0001), respectively. Once more, there is statistical significance in the plasma level of Lp-PLA2 between NDM with CAD and healthy controls with *P<0.05. Furthermore, there is a statistical difference in the serum level of CRP between DM2 with CAD and HC. In addition, there is a positive relationship exists between the duration of diabetes mellitus without CAD and the level of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) with **P <0.003 in both genders. Conclusion: In this study, the high level of Lp-PLA2 and CRP strongly indicate the presence of vascular inflammation associated with the formation of arterial atherosclerosis with thrombus formation. These findings are also correlated with diabetic duration and they could be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of coronary artery disease.